In health insurance, credit, and employment, private actors mine ZIP codes, prescription histories, résumé gaps, and spending habits to assign risk and deny access—often through algorithms that are neither visible nor accountable.
Universality Disincentivizes Surveillance
In health insurance, credit, and employment, private actors mine ZIP codes, prescription histories, résumé gaps, and spending habits to assign risk and deny access—often through algorithms that are neither visible nor accountable.